Geotechnical modelling of the climate change impact on world heritage properties in Alexandria, Egypt

Abstract Alexandria is one of the Mediterranean UNESCO World Heritage sites at risk from coastal flooding and erosion due to sea-level rise. The city’s position on coast means it especially vulnerable rising sea levels. in Egypt flooding. All archaeological northern are also said be erosion. flood expected reach a tipping point by 2050. This research presents numerical analysis geotechnical structural damage mechanism Catacombs Kom El-Shoqafa El-Shatbi Necropolis; have lowest topography induced level rise heavy rain Climate Change, based Finite Element PLAXIS Code. purpose study was investigate behavior fully-saturated soft rock/ hard soil subjected ground water intrusions. main objective this very accurately record analyze problems failure mechanisms that been observed accounted for field, experimental Numerical studies. land area It widely such will contribute preservation cultural heritage. present an attempt design 2D FE model simulate soil/hard rock problems, distortion stress complex structure catacombs. Plastic modeling or Mohr—Coulomb used advanced soils during various stages analysis. Results recorded discussed regarding volumetric soil/rocks. Groundwater infiltration into pores fissures has great influence engineering mechanical properties rocks soils.